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TIME: Almanac 1990
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1990 Time Magazine Compact Almanac, The (1991)(Time).iso
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061289
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06128900.052
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1990-09-22
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VIDEO, Page 66Politics, Late-Night StyleTalk-show hosts are looking to the headlines for laughsBy Richard Zoglin
Did you hear the one about George Bush's taxes? The IRS says
you can write off part of your home if you use it as a workplace.
Looks like there won't be any deductions at the White House this
year.
And how about that Vice President Quayle? Just came back from
a trip to the Far East. It was a good time to send him -- the
airlines have a "Kids Fly Free" program.
But seriously, folks. An Alaska king crab just turned up in
the Hudson River. Ever since the oil spill, they've been getting
great mileage.
Funny? Dumb? Outrageous? That depends, but this is politics,
late-night style. Talk-show monologues may still lean heavily on
the latest TV mini-series, Rob Lowe's videotape and beautiful
downtown Burbank, but more and more they are turning for their
yucks to real-life politics. Johnny Carson, who slides easily from
Doc's wardrobe to Noriega's goon squads in his Tonight show
monologues, has long been TV's most reliable barometer of what
Middle America thinks about the issues of the day. But now Johnny
is just one of a late-night crowd. Jay Leno, Carson's regular
fill-in as Tonight host, has added a sharp political edge to his
stand-up material. David Letterman, camp counselor on NBC's
irreverent Late Night, seems to have boosted his political
consciousness as well -- not just in his brief monologues but in
such regular bits as the often hilarious Top Ten lists. Newcomer
Pat Sajak also takes regular, if timid, swings at political figures
like Vice President Quayle.
Their one-liners not only reflect but can even help define the
national mood. "When you see Jay Leno consistently making fun of
a politician and getting laughs, you know the politician's probably
finished," says Torie Clarke, press secretary to Republican Senator
John McCain and a well-known Washington joke broker. The onslaught
of one-liners about John Tower's reported drinking and womanizing
helped scuttle his nomination for Secretary of Defense. Relentless
gags about the Exxon oil spill undoubtedly aggravated the company's
public relations disaster and spurred pressure for White House
action. Deposed Speaker Jim Wright was tougher to lampoon -- the
charges against him involved abstruse House rules rather than booze
and women -- but that didn't stop the monologuists from trying.
(Carson on Wright's negotiations with the House ethics committee:
"Part of the deal was he would resign if the committee would buy
10,000 copies of his book.")
The political gibes are drawing more than just laughs. In
Washington the TV jokes are repeated in Capitol cloakrooms and
quoted widely in the news media. The Center for Media and Public
Affairs, a conservative watchdog group, tapes Carson, Leno and
Letterman each night and catalogs their jokes by subject. During
the Bush Administration's first 100 days, the most joked-about
political figure was Tower (61 jokes), followed by President Bush
(52) and Vice President Quayle (35).
None of these comics are quite the second coming of Lenny
Bruce. Their political humor tends to be mild, their targets
relatively easy. Foreign dictators are always good fodder
(Ferdinand Marcos, the Ayatullah Khomeini), especially dictators
with bad complexions (General Noriega). What passes for political
satire, moreover, is often formula gags bounced off stock comic
types. Tower became the patsy for a slew of drunk jokes; Wright was
turned into a cartoon of the corrupt politician; Quayle is the
latest in a long line of dufus Vice Presidents. Letterman's Top Ten
lists, meanwhile, tend to defuse their political topics with pop
incongruities. (Among the Top Ten Chinese student slogans: "We want
Coke machines in the forced labor camps," "Knicks in seven" and "No
MSG!").
But the political commentary can sometimes be pointed. Carson
noted not long ago that Bush wanted to veto the minimum-wage bill
in order to "look tough." "Why does he have to look tough?" asked
Johnny. "Why doesn't he look tough against Exxon?" (Few laughs, but
lots of applause.) Leno has delved well beyond the front page for
his topical jokes. One recent monologue covered, among other
subjects, West Germany's call for the removal of U.S. nuclear
missiles, the cold-fusion controversy and the FSX aircraft being
developed jointly by the U.S. and Japan.
The comedians and their writers deny attempting to push any
political agenda. "The joke always comes first," says Leno. "I
don't think what we do sways public opinion. We reinforce what the
public already knows." Says Darrell Vickers, co-head writer for
Carson: "The point of view represented is Johnny's. And he mirrors
the point of view of the audience." Vickers is one of eight writers
who cull newspapers and magazines each morning to come up with gags
for Carson. Leno still writes much of his own material, though he
employs several writers to help out when he fills in on Tonight for
an entire week.
One challenge for the monologuists is not crossing the line
that divides irreverence from bad taste. "It's not fair to kick
someone when he's down," says Carson. "Like when Wilbur Mills
turned out to be alcoholic, we stopped. You can never be
mean-spirited. But you've got to have a little bite." Some topics,
like AIDS, are virtually taboo; others, like terrorism, can be
touchy, though Letterman's writers often test the boundaries. "In
Lebanon, switching to daylight saving time is causing a problem,"
ran one joke, "because they have to turn back all the time bombs
an hour." Leno recently considered a line about Representative
Donald Lukens, convicted of having sex with a 16-year-old girl:
"I've heard of politicians kissing babies, but most guys know where
to stop." He rejected it as going too far.
Some political observers are disturbed at the influence these
late-night comics can wield. Once a public figure is skewered by
Carson or Leno, it is almost impossible for him to wriggle away,
regardless of such niceties as guilt or innocence. "The humor is
often shallow, simple," says Bob Orben, a former speechwriter for
President Ford and now " humor consultant" for politicians and
corporate executives. "I don't know that it's good to have
government by Johnny Carson." Maybe not, but hey, at least there'd
be a good band.